mental health reform efforts
While there is variation in terms of the areas targeted for juvenile justice reform within the Models for Change states, all of the selected states are confronting issues around mental health care and services for youth in the juvenile justice system. As such, all of the Models for Change states have identified mental health as an area of reform for the Models for Change initiative, either as a formal TAI (Pennsylvania and Washington) or as a major component of a TAI (Louisiana and Illinois).
ncmhjj assistance
The National Center for Mental Health and Juvenile Justice, as a member of the National Resource Bank, is leading the effort to work with the Models for Change states by providing targeted technical assistance to each state to help address their mental health related reform priorities. To assist the states, the NCMHJJ is using the four “Cornerstones” identified in its Blueprint for Change as guiding principles for its work in the Models for Change states. While the specific issues and approaches in each state may differ, efforts in all four of the states generally align with the Cornerstones:
| Collaboration |
Identification |
Diversion |
Treatment |
| The need for improved collaboration between the juvenile justice and mental health systems. |
The need for improved and systematic strategies for identifying mental health needs among youth in contact with the juvenile justice system. |
The need for more opportunities for youth to be appropriately diverted into effective community-based mental health treatment. |
The need for youth in contact with the juvenile justice system to have access to effective treatment to meet their needs. |
A detailed description of the mental health reform activities in each Models for Change state is described below. For more information about the Models for Change initiative, please visit www.modelsforchange.net
- Pennsylvania
- Illinois
- Louisiana
- Washington
The goal of their mental health reform effort is to improve the coordination of and access to mental health services for court-involved youth in Pennsylvania. Site-based activities include:
- Collaborations at the state and county levels among the agencies responsible for youth with mental health problems in the child welfare and juvenile justice systems;
- Creation of interagency teams to expedite placement of youth into appropriate programs;
- Adoption of a single, multi-system screening and assessment instrument for all young offenders;
- Promulgation of policies to reduce contact with the juvenile justice system for youth with mental health needs and divert them into community-based programs;
- Development of blended or integrated funding strategies;
- Delivery of evidence-based practices and programs.
This state’s mental health reform efforts are embedded within their goal to increase the availability of community-based alternatives to secure confinement for all youth. Site-based strategies to address this goal include:
- Educating key juvenile justice stakeholders about the availability of and use of alternatives to confinement for juvenile offenders;
- Mapping the array of existing programs and services (including mental health services) in select communities that provide alternatives to incarceration for youth;
- Linking juvenile justice decision-makers with services to devise ways to develop or expand community-based services, including child welfare and mental health services, to meet the needs of youth in the system;
- Funding pilot experiments at the county and judicial circuit level designed to expand the local array of community-based alternatives and promote positive outcomes for youth.
Louisiana’s mental health reform efforts are being undertaken as part of their plan to increase the availability of scientifically supported community-level interventions and the use of sound screening and assessment practices that serve to divert youth into those interventions. Site-based activities include:
- Conducting a review of current screening and assessment practices, exploring gaps and opportunities, and developing a work plan to create a consistent screening and assessment process using appropriate tools at key processing stages, with an emphasis on earlier points of juvenile justice system contact;
- Reviewing currently available services, identifying barriers to the development and expansion of evidence-based practices, and development of a plan for strengthening evidence-based practices;
- Conducting statewide meetings, workshops and other educational activities to raise awareness of the benefits of using a standardized and valid screening and assessment process and evidence-based practices; and
- Assessing the current state of affairs within Louisiana’s Juvenile Drug Courts and developing and piloting a plan for increasing the use of scientifically sound screening and assessment instruments and evidence-based practices within the juvenile drug courts.
Mental health was one of three TAI’s identified in Washington State. The state’s mental health related activities include:
- Assisting in the implementation of the Mental Health Transformation Grant recommendations that relate directly to mental health and juvenile justice;
- Assisting in the implementation of King County’s Systems Integration Initiative by working to develop a standardized mental health screening and assessment process; implementing information sharing policies across systems; providing cross-training to mental health and juvenile justice staff; and supporting efforts to increase capacity and access to evidence-based programs;
- Targeted efforts in two counties - Benton and Franklin - to improve collaboration (using the Blueprint for Change as a guide) and to increase the availability of culturally competent mental health services for youth.